1)动词＋介词(＋宾语)

这类结构在四级考试中考察最多，需要了解每个短语的确切含义及相近短语的区别。

【例句】Without proper lessons, you coulda lot of habits when playing the piano. (CET-4 2000, 12)

A) keep up

B) catch up

C) pick up

D) draw up

keep up：坚持，保持，使继续；catch up：跟上，赶上；pick up：拿起，捡起；draw up：起草，拟定，使停止。本句译为：没有正确的练习，你弹琴时许多坏习惯会保持下去，因此答案为A。

Everything we eat and drink contains some salt; we can meet the body's need for it from natural sources without turning the salt bottle. (CET-4,2000,12)

A) to

B) over

C) on

D) up

turn to：求助于，求教；turn over：翻转，移交；turn on：打开；turn up：出席，出现。本句译为：我们吃喝的所以东西都含有盐份，我们从自然的饮食中便可以满足对盐份的需求而不必求助于盐浚哉反鸢肝狝。

I didn't know the word. I had toa dictionary. (CET-4 2000,6)

A) look out

B) make out

C) refer to

D) go over

look out：当心，注意；make out：辨认，了解；refer to：提及，谈到，查阅，咨询；go over：复习。本句意思为：我不懂这个词，我不得不查字典，所以正确答案是C。

The early pioneers had tomany hardships to settle on the new land. (CET- 4, 2000, 6)

A) go along with

B) go back on

C) go through

D) go into

go along with：陪伴；go back on：违背，背弃；go through：经历，详细讨论；g o into：进入，调查。句意为：早期的开拓者不得不经历了千辛万苦才在新的土地上定居，所以正确答案是C。

2)动词＋副词

这类结构不用于被动语态。

【例如】I am sure you can't win the game, so you may well give in.

3)动词＋宾语＋副词

宾语为代词时，必须位于谓语动词与副词之间；宾语为名词时，位置比较灵活。用于被动语态时，动词与副词不能分开。

【例如】

I decided to give it up, for it was too difficult.I decided to give up the program, for it was too difficult.His proposal was turned down by his boss.

4)动词＋副词＋介词(＋宾语)

【例如】We are running out of fresh water.We should work hard to make up for what we have lost.We had toa lot of noise when the children were at home. (CET-4 1998,6)

A) go in for

B) hold on to

C) put up with

D) keep pace with

go in for：从事，致力于；hold on to：紧紧抓住；put up with：容忍，忍受；keep pa ce with：跟上，同速前进。句意为：当孩子们在家的时候，我们不得不忍受许多噪音，因此应选择C。

The destruction of these treasures was a loss for mankind that no amount of mone y could. (CET-4 1995,6)

A) stand up to

B) make up for

C) come up with

D) put up with

stand up to：耐久，耐用；make up for：补偿，弥补；come up with：产生，发现；p ut up with：容忍，忍受。句意为：这些珍宝遭到破坏是人类的损失，是多少金钱都弥补不了的，因此应选择B。